Nephrocalcinosis is a kidney disorder involving deposition of calcium and oxalate or phosphate in the renal tubules and interstitium (the areas between the tubules). These deposits may result in reduced kidney function. Causes, incidence, and risk

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Obstructive uropathy involves a blockage of the flow of urine, causing it to back up and injure one or both kidneys. Alternative Names: Uropathy - obstructive Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Obstructive uropathy occurs when urine cannot dra

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Chronic urinary tract infection?is a disorder involving repeated or prolonged bacterial infection of the bladder or lower urinary tract (urethra). Alternative Names: UTI - chronic or recurrent Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Most urinary tr

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Recurrent cystitis consists of at least 2 infections of the bladder in 6 months, or 3 infections in 1 year, marked by painful or burning urination, urinary frequency and urgency, and (occasionally) blood in the urine. It is confirmed by demonstration

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Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidney and the ducts that carry urine away from the kidney (ureters). Alternative Names: Urinary tract infection - complicated; Infection - kidney; Complicated urinary tract infection; Pyelonephritis Causes, i

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Acute bilateral obstructive uropathy is a sudden blockage of the flow of urine from both kidneys, which can cause the backup of urine and injure the kidneys. Alternative Names: Urethral obstruction; Acute urethral obstruction; Obstructive uropathy

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A perirenal abscess is an infection surrounding one or both kidneys. Causes, incidence, and risk factors: More than 75% of perirenal abscesses are caused by urinary tract infections that start in the bladder, spread to the kidney, and then to the

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Cystinuria is a disorder characterized by stones in the kidney, ureter, and bladder. It is caused by excessive excretion of certain amino acids (protein building blocks) due to a genetic abnormality. (See also nephrolithiasis). Alternative Names: S

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A ureterocele is a congenital (present from birth) disorder resulting when one of the ureters, the tubes through which urine flows from the kidney to the bladder, swells and develops a pouch as it enters the bladder, causing a blockage and abnormal u

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Urine is drained from the kidneys through tubes called ureters. Obstructive uropathy occurs when a one or both ureters becomes blocked. The condition may be acute or chronic. Chronic unilateral obstructive uropathy involves a slow, progressive block

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Bilateral hydronephrosis is the distention of the pelvis and calyces of both kidneys. (See also unilateral hydronephrosis.) Alternative Names: Hydronephrosis - bilateral Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Bilateral hydronephrosis develops whe

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Reflux nephropathy is a condition in which the kidneys are damaged by backward flow of urine into the kidney. Alternative Names: Chronic atrophic pyelonephritis; Vesico-ureteric reflux; Nephropathy - reflux; Ureteral reflux Causes, incidence, and

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Unilateral hydronephrosis occurs when a single kidney becomes distended or swollen due to a backup of urine. When both kidneys are involved, the condition is called bilateral hydronephrosis.   Alternative Names: Hydronephrosis Causes, incide

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Chronic bilateral obstructive uropathy involves prolonged or progressive blockage of the flow of urine from both kidneys, causing kidney (renal) damage. Alternative Names: Obstructive uropathy - bilateral - chronic; Kidney failure - chronic blockag

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The kidneys filter the blood. Wastes are removed and excess fluid is disposed of as urine. The kidneys also play an important role in the chemical balance of the body. As with other organs, kidney function may be slightly reduced with aging. The uri

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